Industrialism and the Progressive Response

27 September 2004 (Lecture #14)

 

o        Main Theme: Concepts

o        Liberalism: Nationalist; Civil Liberties; Limited Gov. with Constitution; Secular; Progressive; Representative Gov.

o        Industrialism: Prosperous; Urban

o        Judeo-Christian Values

 

Second Industrial Revolution

o        Steel – stronger, less heavy, flexible

§         Railroads are key to US dominance in steel

§         Allowed transportation and the railroads being built increase steel demand which give steel a jumpstart

o        Electricity – light; very efficient and cleaner than oil

o        Chemical – acid etching, fertilizer, etc.

 

o        Professional management emerges – white-collar class

o        Competition grows (areas overlapped) – scale of production grows dramatically

o        Scientific Management – do everything possible to minimize inefficiencies

o        Participation in and lobbying the government grows

 

o        75% intended to make money and go home (about 40% did)

o        Expansion west could only go so fast

 

o        Wealthiest 1% own 51% of the land

o        Labor organizations formed – successful because they are peaceful and do not have a huge economic impact

§         Drops off during the depression (those out of work willing to take any job)

§         Violence begins as strikers try to prevent scabs from working

 

o        Roosevelt elected to reform the business – worker relationship

o        Woodrow – aggressive social reforms instead of regulating big business

 

Conclusions